Meta-community

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# Metacommunity

### Xue Kui

Oct 24, 2022

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# Community Ecology

- **Community ecology**, which is primarily concerned with patterns of species distribution, abundance and interactions.

<br>

**A fundamental question:**

.box-purple[
### Spatial Scale.
]

.footnote[
.xl[
([Wikipedia, 2022](#bib-wikiMetacommunity))
]
]

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# Community Ecology

.l[
.sydney-blue[_**The clear limitation:**_]
]

.pull-left[
.box-grey[
Focus on **local-scale** processes

- Species interaction
- Biodiversity
- ....

]]

.pull-right[
 
]

<br>
>The major weakness of traditional community ecology, and why it has so conspicuously failed to come up with many patterns, rules and workable contingent theory, is its .sydney-red[**overwhelming emphasis on localness**].

>— Lawton (1999)

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To resolve this limitation, is there any workable concept / approach ?

<br>

A potential framework is

#Metacommunity

##(集合群落)

---
class: center, middle

## scale
####/skeɪl/

## dispersal
#### /dɪˈspɜːrsl/
## heterogeneity
#### /ˌhetərədʒəˈniːəti/

## ...

---

#Hierarchical framework

![:wlt 38%, 9%, 16%](pic/meta2.png)

.pull-right[
.indent3[
.xxl[_**Scale up**_]
]

#### .box-gray[Population dynamics]
<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 576 512" style="height:71.11px;width:80px;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#83a835;overflow:visible;position:absolute; left:63%; top:36%;"><path d="M466.7 352L320 205.3L214.6 310.6C202.1 323.1 181.9 323.1 169.4 310.6L9.372 150.6C-3.124 138.1-3.124 117.9 9.372 105.4C21.87 92.88 42.13 92.88 54.63 105.4L191.1 242.7L297.4 137.4C309.9 124.9 330.1 124.9 342.6 137.4L512 306.7V223.1C512 206.3 526.3 191.1 544 191.1C561.7 191.1 576 206.3 576 223.1V384C576 401.7 561.7 416 544 416H384C366.3 416 352 401.7 352 384C352 366.3 366.3 352 384 352L466.7 352z"/></svg>

<br>
### .box-yellow[Community-process]
<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 576 512" style="height:71.11px;width:80px;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#83a835;overflow:visible;position:absolute; left:63%; top:58%;"><path d="M466.7 352L320 205.3L214.6 310.6C202.1 323.1 181.9 323.1 169.4 310.6L9.372 150.6C-3.124 138.1-3.124 117.9 9.372 105.4C21.87 92.88 42.13 92.88 54.63 105.4L191.1 242.7L297.4 137.4C309.9 124.9 330.1 124.9 342.6 137.4L512 306.7V223.1C512 206.3 526.3 191.1 544 191.1C561.7 191.1 576 206.3 576 223.1V384C576 401.7 561.7 416 544 416H384C366.3 416 352 401.7 352 384C352 366.3 366.3 352 384 352L466.7 352z"/></svg>
<br>
##.box-green[Metacommunity-  
process]
]

.footnote[
.xl[
([Leibold and Chase, 2017](#bib-metabook))
]
]

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#A study case

- Asynchrony among local communities stabilises ecosystem function of  
metacommunities.

![:wlt 50%,25%,31%](pic/synchrony.png)

.footnote[
.xl[
([Wilcox, Tredennick, Koerner et al., 2017](#bib-synchrony))
]
]

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# Reference

<a name=bib-metabook></a>[Leibold, M. and J. Chase.](#cite-metabook)
_Metacommunity Ecology, Volume 59_. Princeton University Press, 2017.

<a name=bib-wikiMetacommunity></a>[Wikipedia.](#cite-wikiMetacommunity)
_Metacommunity_. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacommunity>. 2022.

<a name=bib-synchrony></a>[Wilcox, K. R., A. T. Tredennick, S. E.
Koerner, et al.](#cite-synchrony) "Asynchrony among local communities
stabilises ecosystem function of metacommunities". In: _Ecology Letters_
20.12 (2017).

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#.indent2[Thanks for attention!
]

<br>

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---

群落生态学中一个重要的问题就是尺度问题，很多研究都不可避免地包含在一个限定区域内。小尺度可能倾向于用小尺度的过程描述（比如种间竞争），大尺度用大尺度过程来描述；

而传统的群落生态学观点，比如物种互作、共生、生物多样性，存在明显的局限性，即，主要关注于局部尺度。这些过程中发现的模式、规律，可能会受到争议。controversy

那么有没有一种可行的方法应对这种局限性？一个潜在的框架：metacommunity。

它将许多关键方面联系起来，跨尺度探索生态关系。

我们可以通过meta群落的方法获得不同层次的过程和模式。从种群动态扩展到局部群落水平的过程，或者生态系统水平过程（更大尺度）

为了更好地预测生态系统对环境变化的响应，关键的一步是量化生态系统功能的稳定性。